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Evansville’s 3D Printed Gun Case Sparks Federal Investigation

Published on March 5, 2024 by Isaac B.

In recent years, advancements in 3D printing have made the technology increasingly accessible to the general public. While initially celebrated for its immense potential across various industries, 3D printing has raised alarm bells due to its misuse in producing untraceable firearms . Ghost guns, as they are commonly known, pose a significant challenge for law enforcement agencies worldwide, as they lack serial numbers and can be virtually impossible to trace back to their origin. Evansville, Indiana, has recently found itself at the forefront of this concerning trend.

In a high-profile case that arose in January, 39-year-old Marquel D. Payne was recently charged with possession of a firearm by a convicted felon, possession of an unregistered firearm, and possession of a machinegun after Evansville Police officers discovered a cache of 3D printed guns, gun components, and conversion devices (or ‘switches’) within his home. The investigation, led by the Evansville-Vanderburgh Crime Gun Intelligence Center, uncovered approximately 60 plastic machinegun conversion devices, designed to provide semi-automatic and single-fire weapons with automatic capabilities.

3D printer, guns, and gun components seized on January 31st. (Photo Credits: US Attorney’s Office)

US Attorney Zachary Myers, representing the Southern District of Indiana, expressed deep concern regarding the seized 3D printed guns and conversion devices, stating, “Getting illegal machinegun conversion devices off our streets is a critical public safety priority. Fully automatic weapons and untraceable ‘ghost guns’ pose a serious danger to our communities, especially when they are in the hands of people who have no lawful business possessing any firearm. ” This echoes concerns raised last month by the Evansville Police Department, suggesting that there is an increasing issue of machinegun switches within the city.

According to Evansville detectives, Payne caught the police’s attention when detectives received information from two unidentified people, stating that the suspect had made and attempted to sell 3D printed switches and homemade guns, advertising that they were untraceable. The arrest has caught the attention of federal authorities in recent weeks, with the US Department of Justice announcing Payne will be tried at the federal level.

This case bears similarities to one from last September, where a federal judge in Indianapolis sentenced a 31-year-old man to more than seven years in federal prison for possession of a machine gun. Prosecutors claimed Payne also used 3D printers to produce switches, which he subsequently sold for financial gain.

Seized 3D printed gun ‘switches’ (Photo Credits: Evansville Police Department)

Assessing the Emergence of 3D Printed Guns and Gun Components

There has been a growing focus on the emergence of 3D printed switches, raising concerns about the potential for misuse by enabling criminals to modify firearms into weapons capable of rapid firing. These switches, also labeled as ‘Glock switches’ and ‘auto sears’, are classified as machine guns under federal law for their ability to enable automatic firing when applied to firearms. Even when not installed, these conversion devices are illegal to possess or sell. With the rise of accessible 3D printing technology, it may become increasingly difficult for police to combat illegal firearm production, as switches can be sought to bypass traditional gun regulations. Speaking on these challenges, Daryl S. McCormick, Special Agent in Charge of ATF’s Columbus Field Division, expressed:

Unfortunately, these deadly conversion devices continue to show up in our communities. US law has long recognized that automatic weapons pose a special risk to public safety, both through the sheer volume of bullets fired and the likelihood that innocent bystanders will be injured or killed. Combine that with an untraceable firearm and an unregistered silencer in the hands of a convicted felon, and it is clear that this individual is solely interested in feeding violence in southern Indiana.”

The investigation currently involves collaboration between the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF), the Evansville Crime Gun Intelligence Center (CGIC), the Evansville Police Department, and the Vanderburgh County Sheriff’s Office. If found guilty, Payne could receive a maximum sentence of 15 years in federal prison. For more information, click here .

What do you think of the emergence of 3D printed gun switches in 2024? Let us know in a comment below or on our LinkedIn , Facebook , and Twitter pages! Don’t forget to sign up for our free weekly newsletter here , the latest 3D printing news straight to your inbox! You can also find all our videos on our YouTube channel.

The 40 comments

Join the discussion and tell us your opinion.

  1. Robert says:

    Causing issues with the enforcement of unConstitutional laws (all of them) is exactly why 3D printing is the greayest thing since sliced bread.
    Our lord and savior (if you ask them), .gov has been enforcing unConstituional firrarm laws since 1934.
    Thankfully,several cases due to end up in The Supreme Court of The United States will uphold and support the Constitution, and rule the vast majority, if not ALL firearm laws as unConstitutional.

    1. Kevin says:

      The Government is not concerned about the safety of the community.some one should use the back of their hand and apply force to the cheek of U.s. Att. Myers for the stupidity he speaks. Mr.Myers most likely would not know how to switch the safety off or even tell the difference between semi and automatic weapons. THE GOVERMENT DOES NOT WANT YOU THE AMERICAN CITIZEN TO BE ARMED… PERIOD. My opinion is that every citizen 18 yrs and older should be required to take a courses on firearms and have a automatic gun in their home. If they choose. Hope everyone watches A24 civil war in April …..

  2. Link says:

    Goes to show that no matter how many laws the anti-gun people pass, no matter how many dead bodies the anti-gun people step on screaming that they need more laws and guns need to be banned……….this shows that criminals will find a way to do what they want, how they want, whenever they want.
    So just stop blaming law abiding citizens for owning firearms and try working with us for a solution.

    1. David says:

      Yes, criminals will still commit crimes. So legalize bank robbery, fraud, murder, assault. People keep doing it anyway. Duh!

      1. Shann says:

        Taking guns away from LAW ABIDING citizens will not stop criminals! Look at all the cities with the highest crime. They are Democratic states with the toughest gun laws and crime is crazy because the law abiding citizen can’t protect themselves and the criminals know it. This is like us trying to take vehicles away because of drunk drivers!

  3. Rm61 says:

    Hey look, criminals aren’t following existing laws! Maybe they’ll follow some new ones, lol. It won’t stop them. Never has. Never will. These unconstitutional laws only make new criminals out of previously law abiding citizens, and leave us at the mercy of the criminals (and government thugs).

  4. Steve says:

    Don’t blame the printers….people have been using all sorts of stuff to make those pieces and will continue no matter what laws are created….stop taking away from lawful people….criminals don’t follow the law anyway….they just want our rights so use the criminal for the excuse….

  5. Fuck you unconstitutional assholes says:

    Just because you are too mentally challenged to untederstan the law does not mean everybody else is. The right to manufacture your own arms is held by the SCOTUS as constitutional. So why don’t you take your fake penis/vagina up your ass

  6. Dawizard says:

    I’m really surprised that this pro gun piece hasn’t locked the comments. Usually they don’t want law abiding citizens saying their piece. So kudos on this. I commend that effort. In order to try and put my 2 cents in to help further the olive branch that was extended.

    I fully agree as a pro gun person, to prosecute the criminals that use anything to harm others. Be it plastic, metal or explosive material. Harming others is bad, no matter the method. Agree to vanquish the evil.

    As a pro gun person. I would like for this to better reflect that I enjoy the hobby of safe firearms and the government should leave its people alone in all aspects of our lives. It would be in its best interest.

  7. Jimbo says:

    Maybe dont post photos of the illegal mods sprawled out on a table? Anyone with moderate cad skills could make models of those from just the photos. The bambu printer, smartphones, tablet, AR, etc. even provide the perfect reference for scaling dimensions!

    1. Satan says:

      Or they could just download them. Stop being stupid.

    2. PCN says:

      Tell us you don’t understand how 3D works without telling us you don’t understand how 3D printing works.

  8. christopher causer says:

    How about tasking the manufacturers of 3d printers add a machines serial number to every print. And a record of each serial kept in an database. That would give the traceability option.

    1. David says:

      How do you add a serial number without affecting the the integrity of the item without a marring surface or altering the materials? Please explain.

    2. Paul Tice says:

      That isn’t as simple as it sounds, and would be trivial to defeat even if it was simple to implement.
      Since a 3D printer is designed to be able to produce many different shapes, where does the serial number go?
      3D printed pieces are made of plastic that is designed to be melted. If you did print a visible serial number, a soldering iron would be a quick way to remove the serial number.
      You also have to consider how many 3D printers are never used for anything illegal, and if implementing a serial number is worth the effort.
      And, finally, most 3D printers are manufactured overseas and have easily modifiable firmware.

    3. Chris says:

      No thanks Nazi

      1. LaDarius Biscuits says:

        Calm down, Hittler

    4. Js says:

      Or perhaps, in a grand display of forward-thinking, we could outright ban the existence of 3D printers. Because, truly, who in their right mind needs the unfettered ability to conjure objects out of thin air? Clearly, such wizardry is reserved for the dark arts practitioners of the underworld—those with a diabolical plot to… print more things. Yes, envision a future untouched by the chaos of home-manufactured gadgets and gizmos. Spare a thought for the children, who might grow up in a paradise free from the tyranny of instant toy creation. A bold new world where ‘filament’ is thought to be a lost language, and ‘extruder’ is mistaken for an exotic dance move. This, my friends, is the dream we must aspire to—for the sake of posterity and the war on unregulated creativity.

    5. Timothy Martens says:

      I know since we’re going to go to that ridiculous extent why don’t we just brand a number on the forehead of every single person that owns a 3D printer a gun or believes in free speech. What troubles me so much is how fascist The liberal side of our politics has become oh and the ultra conservatives are just as fascist as the older liberals. Stay out of my pockets stay out of my house stay out of my business and we’ll get along just fine you don’t have to worry about me The only time you have to worry is when you start taking my freedoms.

      1. Tomithy Smartens says:

        The FBI needs to pay you a visit! You sound like a walking time bomb

  9. janush says:

    live free or die

    1. Nate says:

      Most mass shootings are done by people who have NEVER been convicted of a crime. The problem with guns is that, many have been manufactured and sold legally, and there is no getting rid of them. So either you get one or you don’t. Would be bad guys don’t care if you have a gun or not, and would rather you not so you are easy for them to victimize. The laws against felons having guns accomplishes nothing! So many guns manufactured and now the ability to manufacture at home if one desires. As far as fully automatic, I think it’s a waste of ammo. Each to his or own though! Would be thugs shooting semi or fully automatic don’t care if they don’t hit their desired target or other people.

  10. jeremy vernotzy says:

    Actually the key to reducing gun violence isn’t banning guns ….but perhaps increase the quality of people’s live and removing misery which in turn builds anger and resentment…..pretty hard to be angry and wanna go on a shooting spree when you have a full belly and and a roof and not being constantly worried……bet it stops 90% of gun violence….. it’ll never be completely eliminated because sometimes people are just plain crazy ….even if you ban all guns ……all you need for a gun is a tube a propellant and a projectile ….so trying to ban all guns is impossible even if legislation passed

  11. Gio says:

    I agree that Felons should not be allowed to own firearms, but outside of that, gun regulations are unconstitutional, the 2nd Amendment makes no mention of weapons of war, automatic or not, cartridge or black powder, it just says very clearly, the RIGHT TO BEAR ARMS.

    1. Your huckle bearer says:

      You either believe in the 2nd ammendment or you don’t. Any stipulations you put on it makes you no different than these clueless lawmakers stipulating shit already. I’m a 2 time convicted felon. But no aggravated crimes, no battery or domestic charges, no sexual crimes, no distribution, I had possession both times and truth be told the shit wasn’t even mine in one case and the other I was setup by another junkie that wanted to be gangsta till it was time to be a gangster. I said all that to say this…because I had drugs in the past, I’m not allowed to protect my home,family,or person against a potential robber or whatever else I deem necessary to protect myself from? Even though I paid my debt to society by means of imprisonment and probation/parole, fines, community service, etc. Reality is shall not be I fringed upon is pretty clear to me. I’d rather be judged by 12 than carried by 6 💁‍♂️.

  12. Yo momma says:

    Good luck actually hitting anything with a glock thst has a switch lmao.

    1. Paul Tice says:

      The cost of ammunition using automatic fire will hit your wallet pretty quick.

  13. Maxwell says:

    Second Amendment
    Second Amendment
    Primary tabs
    The Second Amendment of the United States Constitution reads: “A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.”

    After having done time in jail a person should get ALL there rights back.

    1. Js says:

      In an absolutely shocking development that has left researchers and policymakers alike scratching their heads in bewilderment, it turns out that individuals who once made a career out of not following the law might—just might—pose a wee bit of a risk if handed a shiny new firearm immediately upon exiting the prison gates. Who could have guessed that people previously involved in activities slightly more serious than jaywalking could potentially, albeit theoretically, use firearms in ways that the founding fathers didn’t quite anticipate when penning the Second Amendment? Clearly, the collective wisdom suggests that giving ex-bank robbers or former members of the ‘I Love Illegal Things Club’ unrestricted access to arms might not be in the best interest of public safety. After all, if past behavior is anything to go by, we wouldn’t want to make it any easier for history to not just repeat itself, but to do so with a bang.

    2. Timothy Martens says:

      I agree except for one exception treason!

  14. Nate says:

    I don’t see any crime, the crime is the unconstitutional laws

  15. Nate says:

    Most mass shootings are done by people who have NEVER been convicted of a crime. The problem with guns is that, many have been manufactured and sold legally, and there is no getting rid of them. So either you get one or you don’t. Would be bad guys don’t care if you have a gun or not, and would rather you not so you are easy for them to victimize. The laws against felons having guns accomplishes nothing! So many guns manufactured and now the ability to manufacture at home if one desires. As far as fully automatic, I think it’s a waste of ammo. Each to his or own though! Would be thugs shooting semi or fully automatic don’t care if they hit their desired target or other people.

  16. James Jones says:

    I’m a master gunsmith and a retired law enforcement officer.
    The fact is, fully automatic weapons are almost never used in crimes. This isn’t due to laws or lack of availability. It’s because outside of a battleground, automatic weapons are almost useless. That’s why they don’t use automatic only battle rifles in the military, they carry select fire rifles. It’s notoriously difficult to be accurate with a full auto rifle. Most machine guns are extremely heavy or mounted to something, like a Humvee, to help with this. Modern battle rifles tend to use two or three round burst rather than full auto for this reason. Full auto is used mostly for suppression fire in light battle rifles- more to make the enemy keep his head down than to actually hit anything specific. Full auto is often called “spray and pray”.

    The fact is that it is fairly simple to convert or build a full auto gun- with or without a 3d printer. It just isn’t worth doing, for anyone who knows anything about firearms. The law deters honest people but it has no effect whatsoever on criminals.
    It is legal to own automatic machine and submachine guns in the United states. You simply need a lengthy background check and a $200 tax stamp. You’re somewhat limited as to which machine guns you can own, but there are still plenty that are legally obtainable. So why don’t criminals steal and use them?
    Because, as I said, they just aren’t much good outside of military style combat, they’re inaccurate, they waste a ton of expensive ammunition, and they’re very loud-not something criminals typically like.
    There are so many more important things to be concerned about in this country than this, right now.
    Don’t you folks realize that the government uses things like this to keep you from paying attention to what it’s doing to you?

  17. Chris says:

    No where in the Constitution does it say anything about people that have served their time released back to society lose their rights or it only states that it’s not the governments business and that they can f off

  18. D B says:

    I know I’m the odd Left Leaning Libertarian here.. but I am also an avid 2A supporter. Mass shooters aren’t going to use “machine guns” to shoot up a crowd. Its hard to be accurate at full auto. Aside from having guns and being a convicted fellon, the only thing this man did wrong was sell his conversion pieces. The Constitution allows the right to manufacture firearms for personal use, but not for profit without a Type 07 FFL.

  19. Shawn says:

    The government doesn’t care about innocent citizens dying. It’s true, they don’t want us to have guns. If they cared about the people of this country, they would invest more money in stopping fentanyl another drugs from coming over the border, and helping veterans.

  20. Gunlover1776 says:

    Crazy that they are illegal even when not installed. Just a piece of plastic carry’s 15 years? Gtfo

  21. Robert says:

    Guns are just the beginning. Already large pharmacy manufacturers are working with 3D printed molecules at microscopic levels. Eventually those device will print combinations of chemicals, including heroin and cocaine. I see nothing that will stop the growth of technology.

  22. Non Nomen says:

    There will always be psychopaths and sociopaths. With or without guns, bombs, gas or whatever. Killers will find a way to kill. Protectors will find a way to protect. Who do you back, the Protectors or the killers? Don’t take away the protectors means of protecting.

  23. Capt. Richard Thurdekoos, USMC Retired says:

    In my experience, the people who shout the loudest about the second amendment are the ones who have done the least to protect it. As a USMC veteran I fully support the 2nd amendment but there is no reason for people to have fully automatic weapons. None. If you want to play with machine guns and blow stuff up, join the military and actively fight to protect the freedoms you claim to care so much about!

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