AM-IMATE Project Researches Fungus-Based Biological Building Materials for Aerospace applications

Building on the moon and distant planets may sound like a distant dream (although we have seen a few projects already), but research is already well underway. As part of the five-year AM-IMATE project, researchers at Delft University of Technology received funding in early 2023 to explore the potential of innovative building materials in space. Dr. Kunal Masania, Associate Professor of Aerospace Structures and Materials, is researching these living materials that could be used for industry and technology.

He is developing “living materials” that are based on microorganisms and are therefore able to repair themselves. The material generated is a composite of fungal cells, wood, bacteria and hydrogel. “We chose fungi because they are a very robust organism that can withstand tolerant conditions and are relatively easy to cultivate,” explains Masania. In addition, the root system of the fungus, mycelium, has the ability to communicate with the environment. Mycelium can send signals and communicate throughout the organism via a sensor network. This mixture of materials serves Masania as an ink that can be processed into structures using the 3D printing process.

Dr. Kunal Masania is researching “living materials” for aerospace applications as part of the AM-IMATE project (photo credits: TU Delft)

In addition to the material’s outstanding self-healing properties, its organic origin also contributes to greater sustainability. “Our materials are very light and more sustainable than the materials currently in use,” says Masania. One focus of his research is also aimed at using the composite materials as a construction material for aircraft interiors. If the materials currently used could be replaced with bio-based materials, a circular concept could be achieved: “Currently, aircraft interiors are largely made of plastic and metal. If we replace these, we are no longer dependent on fossil fuels and can offer better end-of-life solutions. If we use living materials, the aircraft components could be broken down and returned to nature.”

Masania aims to create structures for aerospace applications that are impressive in terms of both performance and durability. “The aim is to create technical structures that behave like living organisms and can sense and adapt to mechanical stresses,” he says. His material could therefore be extremely interesting for construction in space and form the basis for new habitats. The materials found there could be excellently combined with fungi and local resources could be used effectively in this way.

The AM-IMATE project will be funded by the European Union until 2027. You can find out more about the project HERE.

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*Cover Photo: Close-up of the “living materials” by Dr. Kunal Masania (photo credits: InnoRenew CoE)